How to exercise when you have atrial fibrillation

Exercising after a heart attack or surgery may seem like a daunting prospect, but for most people it’s one of the best things you can do to help you get your fitness back and reduce your risk of further heart problems.

Can I exercise if I have atrial fibrillation?

If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF), it’s common to worry about whether you can exercise. It’s unlikely that exercise will make your AF worse. With the right precautions, exercise can increase your confidence and improve your heart health.

If your heart beats faster and irregularly at times, but not at others (paroxysmal AF), it’s better to exercise when this isn’t happening, as you may become more breathless or feel discomfort in your chest. If you are in AF all the time (persistent AF), you can exercise as much as you want, as long as your heart rate is under control, you are stable on your treatment and you are feeling well.

If you’re not feeling well because of your AF, ask your GP or specialist for exercise advice.

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Will my medication stop me from exercising?

Some medication, such as beta blockers, might make you feel less energetic. Try to do what you can, even just being active around the house. If you are taking anticoagulants (blood thinners), you’re more likely to bleed and bruise badly if you have an accident, so avoid contact sports.

What is the best way to exercise if you have AF?

Aim for at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity (which means your breathing and heart rate is faster than usual, but you can still have a conversation). You can break this down into smaller chunks.

Because your pulse is irregular, checking your heart rate won’t accurately measure a workout’s intensity, so it is important to think about how you’re feeling. If you become breathless quickly, reduce the intensity.

Any exercise is good, but if you’re not used to it or worried you’ll make your AF worse, talk to your doctor or specialist. A brisk walk is suitable for almost everyone and getting out in the fresh air will make you feel better physically and mentally.

If you have AF, your heart rate may go up and down more quickly than normal, which can cause shortness of breath, chest pain or dizziness, so it’s important to warm up before and cool down afterwards. Start exercise gradually and decrease the intensity gradually, so that your breathing returns to normal before you stop.