How blood clotting is controlled by platelets and proteins: LAIR-1 and PECAM-1

Investigation of molecular mechanisms regulating megakaryocyte and platelet hyperactivity and prothrombotic disorders in LAIR-1 and PECAM-1-deficient mice

Megakaryocytes (the cells which make platelets) have two proteins called LAIR-1 and PECAM-1 which seem to be important for keeping platelets in an inactive state in the bone marrow. Platelets help blood clotting to prevent bleeding but they are also attracted to injured blood vessels in people with coronary heart disease. They can make these diseased blood vessels worse by playing a part in blocking blood flow (thrombosis) which can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Dr Alexandra Mazharian and co-workers at the University of Birmingham have been awarded a 3-year grant to study the important role of platelets and megakaryocytes. The team is focussing on two proteins found on megakaryocytes called LAIR-1 and PECAM-1, which seem to keep platelets in an inactive state in the bone marrow. To confirm the importance of LAIR-1 and PECAM-1, the researchers will study mice that do not produce these proteins and look at the effects that the resultant increased platelet activity may have on the circulation. Keeping platelets switched off could be one way to prevent dangerous clot formation.