Risk factors

Grandad with children and dogA risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease. The more risk factors for coronary heart disease you have, the greater your chance of developing it.

The good news is that for most risk factors, you can do something about it.

Reducing your risk

You can help to reduce the impact of some risk factors by making changes to your lifestyle, and also by taking any medicines prescribed by your doctor. There are several risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke. The main ones are shown below:

High blood pressure

High cholesterol

Healthy eating 
and weight

Read more about high blood pressure

Read more about high cholesterol

Read more about healthy eating and weight


Diabetes


Smoking

Ethnicity and
family history

Read more about diabetes

Read more about smoking

Read more about ethnicity and family history


Over 40? Get a health check

Also called a heart health assessment or cardiovascular risk assessment, a health check is an assessment carried out by your GP or practice nurse to find out your risk of coronary heart disease, and available to anyone over 40.

Based on your results, your GP or nurse will advise you on what you can do to keep your heart healthy, and consider treatment - such as medicine to protect your heart.

Other risks

The following factors may also increase your risk of developing coronary heart disease or having a stroke:

  • People on lower incomes are more exposed to the risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke, and are less likely to make healthy lifestyle choices.
  • Stress is not a direct risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but it’s possible that it may contribute depending on your coping mechanism. Some people cope with stress with risky behaviour – such as smoking, drinking too much alcohol and overeating. These increase your risk of developing cardiovascular disease. 
  • Drinking more than the recommended limits can have a harmful effect on the heart.It can cause abnormal heart rhythms, high blood pressure, damage to the heart muscle and other diseases such as stroke, liver problems and some cancers. Alcohol is also high in calories so it can lead to weight gain. If you are trying to lose weight, cut down on alcohol.